UFSM XIKA FW: sugarcane cultivar for southern Brazil

In Brazil, in view of the different soil and climatic conditions of the sugarcane-producing regions, a strategy of creating small breeding programs for the crop is being used. Since 2008, the sugarcane breeding program of the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), has been developing new, better adapted and higher-yielding sugarcane cultivars for the climate conditions of the southern region of Brazil. Cultivar UFSM XIKA FW was developed at the Laboratories of Agroclimatology and Genetic Breeding and Plant Production of the UFSM, Campus Frederico Westphalen. It is the first mutation-induced sugarcane cultivar that was protected by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, Brazil. The genotype used for mutation induction was cultivar IAC 87-3396, due to its good performance characteristics in the southern region. The mutation mechanism was induced in 2011, by immersing individual buds in a solution of the chemical mutagenic agent methyl methane sulfonate. The best genotypes were selected and tested in plant cane in 2013 and 2018 and in ratoon cane trials in 2014 and 2015. The new cultivar has a higher sugar production potential, and the mean yield of four years was 8.2 t ha-1 higher than that of the control, indicating a high yield potential.

Incidência de estresse e sonolência diurna em grávidas / Incidence of stress and diurnal drowsiness in pregnants

A gravidez acarreta várias alterações no corpo da mulher decorrente da interação mãe e feto. A sonolência diurna, é um dos sintomas apresentados pela gestante e traz várias complicações, tanto para o desempenho no trabalho quanto nas atividades do cotidiano, influenciando negativamente na qualidade de vida da gestante. Além da sonolência, o medo das situações inesperadas, indesejadas ou desconhecidas faz com que as grávidas tenham seus níveis de estresse muito elevados. Sendo este transmitido ao bebê quimicamente por hormônios. Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar o nível de estresse e sonolência diurna em mulheres primíparas. Foram selecionadas dezenove voluntárias, com idades entre dezessete e trinta e três anos (Idade média 23 anos+/-13,42), residentes em Município de Bocaiúva, região norte de Minas Gerais e que utilizavam o PSF(Programa de Saúde da Família). Todas as voluntárias na primeira avaliação encontravam-se no 5º mês de gestação. As gestantes foram acompanhadas mensalmente e em cada consulta do pré-natal responderam ao questionário de Sintomas de Estresse para adultos de Lipp(ISSL) e escala de Sonolência de Epwort (ESE). Evidenciou-se que o 8º mês é o de maior índice de estresse com 100% das gestantes, sendo este de maior componente psicológico ao contrário da sonolência que se mantém em todos os meses estudados. Os valores de sonolência diurna e níveis de estresse e de sonolência diária encontram-se acima da media da população.

Pregnancy brings many changes in the body of a woman from the interaction mother and fetus. The daytime sleepiness, is one of the symptoms displayed by the pregnant and brings several complications, both for the performance at work and in activities of daily life, impacting negatively on the quality of life of the pregnant woman. In addition to sleepiness, the fear of unexpected situations, unwanted or unknown causes the pregnant have their very high levels of stress. This being transmitted to the baby chemically by hormones. This study aimed to ascertain the level os stress and daytime sleepiness in primiparous women. We selected nineteen volunteers, aged between seventwwn and thirty-threeyears ( average age 23 years+/-13.42). living in the Município Bocaiúva, the northern region of Minas gerais and using the PSF ( Health Program Family). All volunteers in the first assessment were in the 5th month of pregnancy. The women were followed up monthkly and in consultation with each prenatal responded to the questionnaire for adult Stress Symptoms of the Lipp (ISSL) and the Spwort Sleepiness Scale (ESS). There was the 8th month is the largest index of stress with 100% of pregnant women, which is the largest component psychological unlike the drowsiness that is maintained in every month studied. The level of dytime sleepiness and levels of stress and sleepiness daily, are above the average population.

Effect of 655-nm low-level laser therapy on exercise-induced skeletal muscle fatigue in humans.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate if development of skeletal muscle fatigue during repeated voluntary biceps contractions could be attenuated by low-level laser therapy (LLLT). BACKGROUND DATA: Previous animal studies have indicated that LLLT can reduce oxidative stress and delay the onset of skeletal muscle fatigue. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve male professional volleyball players were entered into a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, for two sessions (on day 1 and day 8) at a 1-wk interval, with both groups performing as many voluntary biceps contractions as possible, with a load of 75% of the maximal voluntary contraction force (MVC). At the second session on day 8, the groups were either given LLLT (655 nm) of 5 J at an energy density of 500 J/cm2 administered at each of four points along the middle of the biceps muscle belly, or placebo LLLT in the same manner immediately before the exercise session. The number of muscle contractions with 75% of MVC was counted by a blinded observer and blood lactate concentration was measured. RESULTS: Compared to the first session (on day 1), the mean number of repetitions increased significantly by 8.5 repetitions (+/- 1.9) in the active LLLT group at the second session (on day 8), while in the placebo LLLT group the increase was only 2.7 repetitions (+/- 2.9) (p = 0.0001). At the second session, blood lactate levels increased from a pre-exercise mean of 2.4 mmol/L (+/- 0.5 mmol/L), to 3.6 mmol/L (+/- 0.5 mmol/L) in the placebo group, and to 3.8 mmol/L (+/- 0.4 mmol/L) in the active LLLT group after exercise, but this difference between groups was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: We conclude that LLLT appears to delay the onset of muscle fatigue and exhaustion by a local mechanism in spite of increased blood lactate levels.

Análise da qualidade de vida em Grupo de convivência de Idosos / Quality of lifes analysis in the elderly living together group

Com o crescente número de idosos, um dos desafios da saúde é proporcionar uma melhor qualidade de vida e uma velhice mais digna aos idosos. A qualidade de vida encontra-se associada a inúmeros fatores, nesta fase da vida ocorre um decréscimo do bem estar, devido à diminuição funcional, perda de autonomia, isolamento social, sentimento de inutilidade, insegurança e inferioridade, quadro este que aumenta a chance deste vir a adquirir um quadro de depressão. A dor nesta fase passa a possuir um papel de grande importância, já que esta se encontra intimamente ligada a limitações funcionais, sendo que, o quadro álgico pode gerar comprometimento na autonomia e independência. Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a qualidade de vida de idosos praticantes de grupo terapêutico. Foram avaliados dezesseis idosos que participaram de um grupo terapêutico. Antes de iniciar as atividades do grupo os idosos responderam ao questionário genérico SF-36 e após quatro semanas de atividade de integração, trabalhos manuais e exercícios físicos, os idosos foram reavaliados. Notou-se uma melhora no quadro geral dos idosos, sendo que houve um acréscimo estatisticamente significante no estado geral da saúde e diminuição da dor percebida. O presente estudo mostrou que o bem estar físico e emocional pode influenciar na melhora da qualidade de vida em idosos.

With the increase in the number of the elderly, one of the heath care's challenges is to promote a better quality of life and a worthir elderly. The quality of live is related to innumerous factors, in this time of life occur a decrease in the well-being, due to a functional decrease, the lost of autonomy, social isolation, thoughts of inutile, insecure and inferiority, events that increase the chance of getting a depressiona symptom. The pain in this time of life gets a new role with great importance, due to its relationship with functional limitations, seeing that the pain can engage injuries in autonomy and indeoendency. The issue of this study was to verify the quality of life in the elderly. Sixteen elderly people that participated of a therapeutic group were evaluated. Before the beginning of the group's activities, they asnswered the SF-36 questionnaire and four weeks, after hand works, integrate activities and physycal exercises they were reevaluated. Was noticed and increase in the general staff, with a significantly statistic increase in general health and a decrease in the pain. The present study demonstrated that the physical and emotional well-being can influence an improvement in the quality of life in the elderly.